数据量比较大时,使用 innobackupex 备份数据新增 MySQL Slave 节点。
安装 innobackupex 工具,我这里写过一次:
场景:A -> B -> C -> D -> E
一、增加节点 C
# 由于有从库 B ,所以我们去 B 上面执行备份
shell > innobackupex --user=xx --password=xx --slave-info --safe-slave-backup --no-timestamp alldatabase
# 保存 B 的 Slave 信息,因为新增的节点 C 与 B 同级
shell > scp -r alldatabase mysql-nodeC:/root
# 将备份数据拷贝到新节点 C 上,如果节点 C 在外网,建议先压缩一下
# 登录节点 C
shell > vim /etc/my.cnf # 准备配置文件[client]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sock[mysqld]socket = /tmp/mysql.sockdatadir = /data/mysql_datalog-error = error.logskip-name-resolveskip-external-lockingdefault-storage-engine = MyISAMkey_buffer_size = 3072Msort_buffer_size = 256Mread_buffer_size = 4Mread_rnd_buffer_size = 8Mmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 128Mtable_open_cache = 1024table_definition_cache = 1024thread_cache_size = 8back_log = 512connect_timeout = 20max_connections = 1500wait_timeout = 120interactive_timeout = 120max_allowed_packet = 1024Mslow_query_log = ONlong_query_time = 2slow-query-log-file = slow.logquery_cache_type = 0query_cache_size = 0query_cache_limit = 0tmp_table_size = 128Mmax_heap_table_size = 128Minnodb_file_per_table = 0innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024Mread-only = 1relay-log = mysql-relay-binexpire_logs_days = 7server-id = 1020
# 注意:server-id 必须全局唯一
# 如果新增的是节点 D,那么需要将后4行替换为如下7行relay-log = mysql-relay-binrelay_log_purge = ONlog-slave-updates = 1log-bin = mysql-binbinlog_format = mixedexpire_logs_days = 7server-id = 1020
# 因为节点 D 不仅是 Master A 的 Slave,同时也是节点 E 的 Master
shell > innobackupex --apply-log alldatabase # 在备份目录上应用日志161111 13:56:04 completed OK!shell > innobackupex --copy-back alldatabase # 将备份文件拷贝到 my.cnf 中 datadir 指定目录161111 14:10:21 completed OK!shell > chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql_datashell > /etc/init.d/mysql.server startshell > cat /data/mysql_data/xtrabackup_slave_info # 记录 master_log_file 和 master_log_pos 的值CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.003742', MASTER_LOG_POS=1072788827shell > mysql -uxx -pxx -Amysql> stop slave;mysql> reset slave all;mysql> change master to master_host='x.x.x.x',master_user='xx',master_password='xx',master_log_file='mysql-bin.003742',master_log_pos=1072788827;mysql> start slave;mysql> show slave status\G Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yesmysql> quit
# master_host='A'
# MySQL Slave 节点 C 搭建完成二、新增节点 E
# 由于节点 D 后面没有从节点,所以备份要在节点 D 上执行
shell > innobackupex --user=xx --password=xx --no-timestamp alldatabase
# 我们要的是节点 D 的信息,所以不需要保存 Slave 信息( Slave 信息为跟节点 A 同步信息 )
shell > scp -r alldatabase mysql-nodeE:/root
# 将备份数据拷贝到新节点 E 上,如果节点 E 在外网,建议先压缩一下
shell > mysql -uxx -pxx -A # 跟上面不一样的地方,需要新建立一个授权用户mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to xx@'%' identified by 'xx';# 登录节点 Eshell > vim /etc/my.cnf # 准备配置文件[client]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sock[mysqld]socket = /tmp/mysql.sockdatadir = /data/mysql_datalog-error = error.logskip-name-resolveskip-external-lockingdefault-storage-engine = MyISAMkey_buffer_size = 3072Msort_buffer_size = 256Mread_buffer_size = 4Mread_rnd_buffer_size = 8Mmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 128Mtable_open_cache = 1024table_definition_cache = 1024thread_cache_size = 8back_log = 512connect_timeout = 20max_connections = 1500wait_timeout = 120interactive_timeout = 120max_allowed_packet = 1024Mslow_query_log = ONlong_query_time = 2slow-query-log-file = slow.logquery_cache_type = 0query_cache_size = 0query_cache_limit = 0tmp_table_size = 128Mmax_heap_table_size = 128Minnodb_file_per_table = 0innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024Mread-only = 1relay-log = mysql-relay-binexpire_logs_days = 7server-id = 10201
# 同样注意 server-id 全局唯一
shell > chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql_datashell > /etc/init.d/mysql.server startshell > cat /data/mysql_data/xtrabackup_infobinlog_pos = filename 'mysql-bin.000001', position '112094418'shell > mysql -uxx -pxx -Amysql> stop slave;mysql> reset slave all;mysql> change master to master_host='x.x.x.x',master_user='rep',master_password='xx',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=112094418;mysql> start slave;mysql> show slave status\G Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yesmysql> quit
# master_host='D'
# master_user='rep' # 这里的用户密码,是节点 D 上的,并不是节点 A 上的# MySQL Slave 节点 E 搭建完成# 不采用 innobackupex 时,可以使用如下方法:
# stop slave;# flush tables with read lock;# show slave status\G# 记录 master_log_file,master_log_pos# 新开一个终端,scp -r /data/mysql_data x.x.x.x:/data/mysql_data,拷贝完成就可以 unlock tables;# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql_data# /etc/init.d/mysql.server start# mysql -uxx -pxx -A# chanage master to ... # start slave;# mysql.sock 如果放在 datadir 下,记得 chmod 755 /data/mysql_data,不然 zabbix_agentd 连接不到数据库
# End